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Corridor Ecology:

Linking Landscapes for Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Adaptation2ed
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Migrating wildlife species across the globe face a dire predicament as their traditional migratory routes are cut off by human encroachment. Forced into smaller and smaller patches of habitat, they must compete more aggressively for dwindling food resources and territory. This is more than just an unfortunate side effect of human progress. As key species populations dwindle, ecosystems are losing resilience and face collapse, and along with them, the ecosystem services we depend on. Healthy ecosystems need healthy wildlife populations. One possible answer? Wildlife corridors that connect fragmented landscapes.

This new and expanded second edition of Corridor Ecology: Linking Landscapes for Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Adaptation captures the many advances in the field over the past ten years. It builds on concepts presented in the first edition on the importance and practical details of maintaining and restoring land connectivity. New to this edition is a guest-edited chapter on ecological connectivity in oceans, including a detailed discussion on pelagic marine corridors and how coastal corridors can provide critical connectivity between marine protected areas. Another new chapter considers the effects of climate change on habitat and offers recommendations on designing effective corridors as landscapes change with shifting climate conditions. The book also includes a discussion of corridors in the air for migrating flying species, from birds to bats, butterflies, and even plant propagules'a concept so new that a term to describe it has yet to be coined. All chapters are thoroughly revised and updated.

Practitioners as well as serious scholars of landscape ecology and the science of protecting biodiversity will find this new edition of corridor ecology science an indispensable resource.

Front Cover

About Island Press

Subscribe

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Foreword

Preface

Introduction

1. Background: Habitat Loss, Fragmentation, and Climate Change

Human-Induced Change and Habitat Loss

Climate Change Overview

Limitations to Protected Areas

Reconnecting Our Planet

Growth of Connectivity Science and Practice

Island Biogeography

Metapopulation Theory: Conceptual History

Dispersal

The Demography of Extinction

Genetic Structuring

A Longer-Term Perspective

Metacommunity Theory

Beyond Metacommunities: Landscape and Ecoscape Concepts

Natural versus Human-Induced Fragmentations

Speed and Pattern of Change

Consequences of Human-Induced Fragmentation

Changes in Species Composition of Patches

Genetic Considerations Affecting Species Extinction

Role of the Matrix

Edges and Edge Effects

What Is a Corridor?

Types of Corridors

Riparian Areas

Corridors for Individual Species Conservation

Corridor Complexities

Biological Benefits

Benefits to Humans

5. Corridor Design Objectives

Focal Species Considerations

Habitat Requirements

Dispersal Considerations

Behavioral Factors

Sensitivity to Human Activity

Physical Limitations

Topography and Microclimate for Climate-Wise Connectivity

Continuous Corridors

Stepping-Stone Connectivity

Habitat Quality

Corridor Dimensions

Landscape Configuration

Riparian Corridors

Hydrologic Habitat Connectivity: Structural, Functional, and Ecological

Ecological Networks for Conservation

6. Potential Pitfalls or Disadvantages of Linking Landscapes

Corridors as Biotic Filters

Facilitation of Invasions

Invasions of Deleterious Native Species

Demographic Impacts

Social Behavior

Negative Genetic Effects

Conflicting Ecological Objectives

Economic Considerations

Establishing Collaborations

Addressing Scale

Identifying Terrestrial Corridors for Conservation and Restoration

Prioritzation

Climate Resilience Benefits

Assessing Corridors

Caveats

8. Climate-Wise Connectivity

Principles of Climate Space

Designing Climate-Wise Connectivity

Estimating Range Shifts Using Species Distribution Modeling

Recommendations

9. Ecological Connectivity in the Ocean

What Constitutes Pelagic Connectivity and Corridors?

Where Are the Major Pelagic Marine Corridors?

Threats to Pelagic Corridors and Potential Conservation Approaches

What Constitutes Connectivity and Corridors in the Coastal Ocean?

Treats to Coastal Species, Ecosystems, and Their Connectivity

Implications of Coastal Corridors for Species and Biodiversity COnservation

10. Protecting and Restoring Corridors

Opportunities and Challenges

Law and Policy Mechanisms

Stewardship of Working Lands

Types of Agreements

Restoring Land

Lessons from Corridor Projects

Conclustion

References

About the Authors

Index

IP Board of Directors

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