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Why, as a Muslim, I Defend Liberty

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Islam, the second largest religion in the world, has several authoritarian interpretations today that defy human freedom--by executing "apostates" or "blasphemers," imposing religious practices, or discriminating against women or minorities. In Why, as a Muslim, I Support Liberty, Mustafa Akyol offers a bold critique of this trouble, by frankly acknowledging its roots in the religious tradition.But Akyol also shows that Islam has "seeds of freedom" as well--in the Qur'an, the life of the Prophet Muhammad, and the complex history of the Islamic civilization. It is past time, he argues, to grow those seeds into maturity, and reinterpret Islamic law and politics under the Qur'anic maxim, "No compulsion in religion."Akyol shows that the major reinterpretation Islam needs now is similar to the transformation that began in Western Christianity back in the 17th century, with the groundbreaking ideas of classical liberal thinkers such as John Locke. The author goes back and forth between classical liberalism and the Islamic tradition, to excavate little-noticed parallels, first highlighted by the "Islamic liberals" of the late Ottoman Empire, unknown to many Muslims and non-Muslims today. In short chapters, Akyol digs into big questions. Why do Muslims need to "reform" the Sharia? But is there something to "revive" in the Sharia as well? Should Muslims really glorify "conquest," or rather believe in social contract? Is capitalism really alien to Islam, which has a rich heritage of free markets and civil society? Finally, he addresses a suspicion common among Muslims today: What if liberty is a mere cover used by Western powers to advance their imperialist schemes? With personal stories, historical anecdotes, theological insights, and a very accessible prose, this is the little big book on the intersection of Islam and liberty.
Mustafa Akyol is a senior fellow at the Cato Institute's Center for Global Liberty and Prosperity and a contributing opinion writer for the New York Times. A Turkish journalist and author, his work focuses on the intersection of public policy, Islam, and modernity, and he has worked for more than a decade as an opinion columnist for Hurriyet Daily News, and the Middle- East focused Al -Mon i tor .com. Akyol is the author of The Islamic Jesus: How the King of the Jews Became a Prophet of the Muslims (2017, St. Martin's Press), Islam without Extremes: A Muslim Case for Liberty (2013, W. W. Norton & Company), and Reopening Muslim Minds: A Return to Reason, Freedom, and Tolerance (April 2021, St. Martin's Essentials).
"This is an original and powerful manifesto for the compatibility of Islam and individual liberty. Mustafa Akyol convincingly articulates a freedom-focused interpretation of Islam by offering new perspectives on controversial issues such as Sharia, the Islamic legacy of military conquests, and freedom of speech in Muslim societies. He invites the readers to rethink Muslim history, theology, and politics, as well as some biases and cliches of the modern age."--Ahmet T. Kuru, author of Islam, Authoritarianism, and Underdevelopment: A Global and Historical Comparison In this highly readable and timely book, Akyol traces manifestations of individual liberty and social, economic, and political freedoms in ways in which Islam has been lived through history. He sees Islam as an intellectual debate rather than an immutable code, and hence open to interpretation. This is an important contribution to the debate over the future of the Muslim world. It is a must-read for Muslims and non-Muslims."--Vali Nasr, author of Shia Revival: How Conflicts within Islam Will Shape the Future
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