Class Struggle in the New Testament engages the political and economic realities of the first century to unmask the mediation of class through several New Testament texts and traditions. Essays span a range of subfields, presenting class struggle as the motor force of history by responding to recent debates, historical data, and new evidence on the political-economic world of Jesus, Paul, and the Gospels. Chapters address collective struggles in the Gospels; the Roman military and class; the usefulness of categories like peasant, retainer, and middling groups for understanding the world of Jesus; the class basis behind the origin of archangels; the Gospels as products of elite culture; the implication of capitalist ideology upon biblical interpretation; and the New Testaments use of slavery metaphors, populist features, and gifting practices. This book will become a definitive reference point for future discussion.

Robert J. Myles is senior lecturer in New Testament at Wollaston Theological College in Perth, Western Australia.

1. Class Struggle in the New Testament! Robert J. Myles 2. Jesus, the Temple, and the Crowd: A Way Less Traveled Neil Elliott 3. Romans Go Home? The Military as a Site of Class Struggle in the Roman East and New Testament Christopher B. Zeichmann 4. Peasant Plucking in Mark: Conceptual and Material Issues Alan H. Cadwallader 5. IVDAEA DEVICTA: The Gospels as Imperial "Captive Literature" Robyn Faith Walsh 6. Fishing for Entrepreneurs in the Sea of Galilee? Unmasking Neoliberal Ideology in Biblical Interpretation Robert J. Myles 7. Hand of the Master: Of Slaveholders and the Slave-Relation Roland Boer and Christina Petterson 8. Populist Features in the Gospel of Matthew Bruce Worthington 9. Troubling the Retainer Class in Antiquity Sarah E. Rollens 10. Rethinking Pauline Gift and Social Functions: Class Struggle in Early Christianity? Taylor Weaver 11. The Origin of Archangels: Ideological Mystification of Nobility Deane Galbraith 12. Christian Origins and the Specter of Class: Locating Class Struggle in the New Testament Today James G. Crossley

This collection of essays, as its title indicates, probes the assumptions, perspectives, and influences of various New Testament books on class consciousness and class struggle in the ancient world. The editor, Robert Myles, lecturer in New Testament at Murdoch University, introduces the volume by reflecting on the Marxist notion of class struggle and the aspect of societys deepening tension between those who own and control the means of production and those who are exploited to do the actual work of production.
— The Bible Today

The volume as a whole delivers on its potential by opening up important lines of argument, recovery, and interpretation that come into focus through the prism of class. There is also a great deal of interaction with primary and secondary literatures, much of which is done well. . . this collection will be a welcome addition to academic libraries.
— Catholic Biblical Quarterly

This book contains a strong, challenging and innovative collection of essays that probe class struggle in both New Testament texts and ancient socio-economic contexts. The perspectives are various, but each essay explores explicitly or implicitly the antagonistic dialectic of groups with essentially opposing interests. Well-worn class definitions, such as "retainers" and "peasants," are re-examined and nuanced. Ultimately, this book also asks us to reflect on dominant ideologies and agendas in today’s academic contexts.
— Joan E. Taylor, Professor of Christian Origins and Second Temple Judaism, Kings College London

Class Struggle in the New Testament turns the often ignored lens of "class" on New Testament texts and their complex contexts in the first century Roman Empire. An introduction by the editor, Robert Myles, situates the chapters and their approaches within a renewed interest in class in current biblical studies as well as the availability of more sophisticated tools for its analysis. The chapters demonstrate such sophistication as a rich fare of approaches are brought to the analysis and interpretation of a range of texts and issues within the Pauline and Gospel corpuses: the crowds, the military, peasants, retainer class, the function of gift and the Gospels as imperial captive literature to name but a few. Engagement with this collection of essays will be essential for all scholars of the Gospels and the Pauline literature.
— Elaine M. Wainwright, Professor Emeritus in New Testament, University of Auckland

Why are modern scholars, in the words of Robert J. Myles, fishing for entrepreneurs in the ancient economy? This volume brings together scholars who over time have sustained a critical discourse on the economic theories informing New Testament texts but even more their modern interpretation. The volume stands out especially with its chapters that systematically work through textual and material cultures as they relate to specific labour or work areas in the biblical world: the military, peasants, fishermen, slaves, the retainer class––and archangels! This focus on specific classes yields a detailed, nuanced, interesting, and improved picture of the mixed and conflicting class perspectives embedded in the New Testament.
— Jorunn Økland, Norwegian Institute at Athens and University of Oslo