Covering the period from 200 BCE to 600 CE, this book describes important aspects of identity formation processes within early Judaism and Christianity, and shows how negotiations involving issues of ethnicity, stereotyping, purity, commensality, and institution building contributed to the forming of group identities. Over time, some of these Jewish group identities evolved into non-Jewish Christian identities, others into a rabbinic Jewish identity, while yet others remained somewhere in between. The contributors to this volume trace these developments in archaeological remains as well as in texts from the Qumran movement, the New Testament and the reception of Paul's writings, rabbinic literature, and apocryphal and pseudepigraphical writings, such as the Book of Dreams and the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies. The long timespan covered in the volume together with the combined expertise of scholars from various fields make this book a unique contribution to research on group identity, Jewish and Christian identity formation, the Partings-of-the-ways between Judaism and Christianity, and interactions between Jews and Christians.
Karin Hedner Zetterholm is associate professor of Jewish Studies at Lund University. Anders Runesson is professor of New Testament at the University of Oslo. Cecilia Wassen is associate professor of New Testament Exegesis at Uppsala University. Magnus Zetterholm is associate professor of New Testament Studies at Lund University.
Introduction: Exploring the Intersection Between Judaism and Christianity in their Formative Phases Karin Hedner Zetterholm, Anders Runesson, Cecilia Wassen, and Magnus Zetterholm 1. Setting the Stage: The Variety of Judaism and the Origin of Christianity John J. Collins Part I. Polemics and Sectarian Identities (2nd Century BCE - 1st Century CE) 2. Competition rather than Conflict: Identity Discourse in the Qumran Rule Scrolls Jutta Jokiranta 3. Meals, Identity, and Purity in the Qumran Movement Cecilia Wassen 4. Was Gentile Reclamation an Apocalyptic Apologetic? Ethnic Identities in the Book of Dreams as Precedent for Ethnic Reasoning in the Early Jesus Movement Genevive Dibley 5. Slip-Slidin' Away: Rethinking the 'Parting of the Ways' Adele Reinhartz 6. Where Do We Go from Here? Polemics and Sectarian Identities Adela Yarbro Collins Part II. Intra-Jewish Interaction and the Role of Non-Jews Within the Jesus Movement (2nd Century BCE - 1st Century CE) 7. Gentile Alterity and Ethnic Solidarity: The Role of Group Categorization in Understanding Mark as Jewish Literature John Van Maaren 8. Gentile Sinners: A Brief History of an Ancient Stereotype Matthew V. Novenson 9. Hypodescent in Two Ancient Jewish Writers: Jubilees and Paul on Mixed Marriages Matthew Thiessen 10. Circumcision in Early Christian Sources: Identifying Difference After Paul Karin Neutel 11. Where Do We Go from Here? Intra-Jewish Interaction and the Role of Non-Jews Within the Jesus Movement Mark D. Nanos Part III. Conflict and Co-Existence in Institutional Contexts: Seeking a Place of One's Own (1st - 6th Centuries CE) 12. Space and Ritual in the Ancient Synagogue and Early Church in the Levant Rina Talgam 13. Jewish Christ-Followers in Capernaum before the 4th Century? Reconsidering the Texts and Archaeology Wally V. Cirafesi 14. Christ Assemblies within a Jewish Context: Reconstructing a Social Setting for the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies Karin Hedner Zetterholm 15. Beyond the Parting of the Ways: Institutional Contexts as Matrices for the Formation of Judaism and Christianity Anders Runesson 16. Where Do We Go from Here? Conflict and Co-existence in Institutional Contexts Paula Fredriksen Part IV. Ritual Purity and Rabbinic Ideas of the Christian Other: Generating and Consolidating Difference (1st -7th Centuries CE) 17. Along Ethnic Lines: The Case for Stepped Pools and Chalk Vessels as Markers of Jewish Purity Observance Yonatan Adler 18. Scriptural Hermeneutics and Purity Laws in the Clementine Homilies: Mainstream or Marginal? Holger Zellentin 19. Nazarenes [ ] in Rabbinic Sources: What Does a Study of the Term Reveal about Rabbinic Attitudes to Christians? Michal Bar-Asher Siegal 20. "It is Better to Cleave to Esau": Rabbinic Perceptions of Esau as the "Other Within" Moshe Lavee 21. Where Do We Go from Here? Ritual Purity and Rabbinic Ideas of the Christian Other Samuel Byrskog Concluding Discussion and Evaluation: Negotiating Identities Christine Hayes
