Foreword Preface Acknowledgments Sharon Would Like to Thank Nicole Would Like to Thank About the Authors Chapter 1: Qualitative Research: An Opening Orientation An Overview of the Processes of Qualitative Research Defining and Situating Qualitative Research Key Components of Qualitative Research Horizontal Values in Qualitative Research: Criticality, Reflexivity, Collaboration, and Rigor Approaches to Qualitative Research: An Overview A Note on the Possibilities of Qualitative Research Chapter 2: Conceptual Frameworks in Research Conceptual Frameworks in Research Developing a Conceptual Framework Building Your Conceptual Framework Chapter 3: Qualitative Research Design Research Design in Qualitative Research Qualitative Research Design Processes Sampling: Site and Participant Selection Writing in Research Design Conclusion Chapter 4: Reflexivity in Data Collection Defining Qualitative Research as Iterative Reflexivity in Data Collection Reflexivity and Researcher-Generated Data Sources Chapter 5: Methods of Data Collection Interviews Observational Fieldnotes Focus Groups Documents and Archival Data Open-Ended Questionnaires Participatory Methods of Data Collection Revisiting Research Design Chapter 6: Validity in Qualitative Research Overview of Validity in Qualitative Research Assessing Validity Strategies for Achieving Qualitative Validity Rigor and Validity in Qualitative Research Chapter 7: Ethics and Relational Research Relational Ethics: Taking a Relational Approach to Research Deepening Research Ethics: Beyond IRB and Informed Consent Beyond Negotiating Entree and Building Rapport Research Boundaries Informed Consent, with an Emphasis on Informed Transparency in Goals, Expectations, Processes, and Roles Confidentiality and Anonymity The Ethical Dimensions of the Researcher as Instrument Pushing Against the Expert-Learner Binary Ethical Collaboration: Dialectics of Mutual Influence Balancing Design Flexibility and Rigor: Responsive Research as an Ethical Stance Chapter 8: An Integrative Approach to Data Analysis Defining and Critically Approaching Qualitative Data Analysis Analysis and Interpretation Overview of Qualitative Data Analysis Processes An Integrative Approach to Qualitative Data Analysis Chapter 9: Methods and Processes of Data Analysis Data Organization and Managements Immersive Engagement Writing and Representation Chapter 10: Writing and Representing Research: The Research Report The Craft of Writing: Outlining, Drafting, and Revising Writing a Final Report: Building On, Deepening, and Codifying Analysis Critical Writing Considerations Concluding Thoughts: The Ethics of Research Writing Chapter 11: Qualitative Research Proposals Qualitative Research Proposals Writing Quality Research Proposals Adapting Research Proposals Epilogue Revisiting the Horizontal Values in Qualitative Research Closing Thoughts: The Power and Potential of Qualitative Research Glossary Appendixes References Index