Class Struggle in the New Testament

Robert J. Myles is senior lecturer in New Testament at Wollaston Theological College in Perth, Western Australia.

1.Class Struggle in the New Testament!

Robert J. Myles



2.Jesus, the Temple, and the Crowd: A Way Less Traveled

Neil Elliott



3.Romans Go Home? The Military as a Site of Class Struggle in the Roman East and New Testament

Christopher B. Zeichmann



4.Peasant Plucking in Mark: Conceptual and Material Issues

Alan H. Cadwallader



5.IVDAEA DEVICTA: The Gospels as Imperial “Captive Literature”

Robyn Faith Walsh



6.Fishing for Entrepreneurs in the Sea of Galilee? Unmasking Neoliberal Ideology in Biblical Interpretation

Robert J. Myles



7.Hand of the Master: Of Slaveholders and the Slave-Relation

Roland Boer and Christina Petterson



8.Populist Features in the Gospel of Matthew

Bruce Worthington



9.Troubling the Retainer Class in Antiquity

Sarah E. Rollens



10.Rethinking Pauline Gift and Social Functions: Class Struggle in Early Christianity?

Taylor Weaver



11.The Origin of Archangels: Ideological Mystification of Nobility

Deane Galbraith



12.Christian Origins and the Specter of Class: Locating Class Struggle in the New Testament Today

James G. Crossley

The volume as a whole delivers on its potential by opening up important lines of argument, recovery, and interpretation that come into focus through the prism of class. There is also a great deal of interaction with primary and secondary literatures, much of which is done well. . . this collection will be a welcome addition to academic libraries

— Catholic Biblical Quarterly



This book contains a strong, challenging and innovative collection of essays that probe class struggle in both New Testament texts and ancient socio-economic contexts. The perspectives are various, but each essay explores explicitly or implicitly the antagonistic dialectic of groups with essentially opposing interests. Well-worn class definitions, such as "retainers" and "peasants," are re-examined and nuanced. Ultimately, this book also asks us to reflect on dominant ideologies and agendas in today’s academic contexts.

— Joan E. Taylor, Kings College London



Class Struggle in the New Testament turns the often ignored lens of "class" on New Testament texts and their complex contexts in the first century Roman Empire. An introduction by the editor, Robert Myles, situates the chapters and their approaches within a renewed interest in class in current biblical studies as well as the availability of more sophisticated tools for its analysis. The chapters demonstrate such sophistication as a rich fare of approaches are brought to the analysis and interpretation of a range of texts and issues within the Pauline and Gospel corpuses: the crowds, the military, peasants, retainer class, the function of gift and the Gospels as imperial captive literature to name but a few. Engagement with this collection of essays will be essential for all scholars of the Gospels and the Pauline literature.

— Elaine M. Wainwright, Professor Emeritus in New Testament, University of Auckland



Why are modern scholars, in the words of Robert J. Myles, fishing for entrepreneurs in the ancient economy? This volume brings together scholars who over time have sustained a critical discourse on the economic theories informing New Testament texts but even more their modern interpretation. The volume stands out especially with its chapters that systematically work through textual and material cultures as they relate to specific labour or work areas in the biblical world: the military, peasants, fishermen, slaves, the retainer class––and archangels! This focus on specific classes yields a detailed, nuanced, interesting, and improved picture of the mixed and conflicting class perspectives embedded in the New Testament.

— Jorunn Økland, Norwegian Institute at Athens and University of Oslo