""Radically revises our understanding of why Sarah Bernhardt chose to engage in the new medium of motion pictures and why her 1910s films were received (and are still readable) as both artistic and popular works far beyond France.""--Richard Abel, author of Americanizing the Movies and ""Movie-Mad"" Audiences, 19101914 ""Sarah Bernhardt was one of the first well-known actresses to turn to moving pictures, proving that the movies could be taken seriously by major artists and attracting an audience cinema had not had before. Film historians have dismissed these films as 'filmed theater,' but Victoria Duckett demands we take a closer look. In our era of hybrid media, we can rediscover Bernhardt's use of gesture and movement as linking cinema to Art Nouveau while forging a link between theater and film. Duckett's careful research reveals the impact a woman had in establishing cinema as an art that drew on--rather than ignored--theater. Bernhardt not only became the first international movie star--she pioneered the role women might have in this new medium.""--Tom Gunning, author of The Films of Fritz Lang: Allegories of Vision and Modernity