Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance

James R. Morrow, Jr., PhD, is a regents professor emeritus in the department of kinesiology, health promotion, and recreation at the University of North Texas at Denton. Dr. Morrow regularly taught courses in measurement and evaluation in human performance. He has authored more than 150 articles and chapters on measurement and evaluation, physical fitness, physical activity, and computer use and has made approximately 300 professional presentations. He has also conducted significant research using the techniques presented in the text. Dr. Morrow served as president of the National Academy of Kinesiology and as chair of the science board of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. He has received research funding from the U.S. Olympic Committee, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and the Cooper Institute. He is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), the National Academy of Kinesiology (NAK), and the North American Society of Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport and Dance Professionals. He is also a research fellow of SHAPE America. Dr. Morrow has chaired the AAHPERD Measurement and Evaluation Council and is a recipient of that council's Honor Award. He has produced four fitness-testing software packages, including the AAHPERD Health-Related Physical Fitness Test, and was editor in chief of Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport from 1989 to 1993. He was the founding coeditor of the Journal of Physical Activity and Health. He enjoys playing golf, reading, traveling, and spending time with his grandchildren. Dale P. Mood, PhD, is a professor emeritus and former associate dean in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Dr. Mood taught measurement and evaluation, statistics, and research methods courses beginning in 1970 and has published extensively in the field, including 47 articles and 6 books. He has been a consultant to five NFL football teams and chair of the AAHPERD Measurement and Evaluation Council, and he is a former president of AAALF. He was a reviewer for numerous human movement journals. In his leisure time, Dr. Mood enjoys reading, officiating summer league swimming meets, traveling, following the activities of his 18 grandchildren, and participating in a variety of physical activities. Weimo Zhu, PhD, is a tenured full professor in the department of kinesiology and community health at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His major area of research is kinesmetrics (i.e., measurement and evaluation in kinesiology). Dr. Zhu's primary research interests are the study and application of new measurement theories (e.g., item response theory) and models in the field of kinesiology. His research works have earned him international recognition. He is the editor in chief of the Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport and a fellow of the National Academy of Kinesiology, American College of Sports Medicine, and Research Consortium of SHAPE America. He is a member of the FitnessGram/ActivityGram advisory committee. He is also a member of the editorial board for various academic journals and serves on the executive committees of several national and international professional organizations. Dr. Zhu was the chair of the Measurement and Evaluation Council of SHAPE America and received the M&E Lifetime Achievement Award, the highest award in measurement and evaluation, from SHAPE America in 2020. Minsoo Kang, PhD, is a full professor in the department of health, exercise science, and recreation management at the University of Mississippi. Kang earned both his bachelor's and master's degrees from Seoul National University in South Korea and his doctorate at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His background is in analytics (measurement, applied statistics, and evaluation) in kinesiology with emphasis in IRT, Rasch, and psychometrics. Kang's research has focused on measurement and statistical methods and their applications to assessments of physical activity and sedentary behavior. He has published more than 140 refereed journal articles, made 10 book contributions, and presented more than 200 research projects. He teaches courses on data analysis, applied statistics, research methods, meta-analysis, and measurement theory and practice in human performance. He enjoys traveling and playing badminton, golf, and tennis. Kang is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and a research fellow of SHAPE America. He has chaired the AAHPERD Measurement and Evaluation Council and is a recipient of that council's Honor Award. Kang received the Distinguished Research Award at Middle Tennessee State University. He has served as an associate editor of the Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sports, the Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour, and Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science and is also a member of the editorial board for several journals.

Part I. Introduction to Tests and Measurements in Human Performance Chapter 1. Concepts in Tests and Measurements Nature of Measurement and Evaluation Purposes of Measurement, Testing, and Evaluation Reliability and Validity Domains of Human Performance Summary Chapter 2. Using Technology in Measurement and Evaluation Principles and Practice of Using Technology in Assessment Using Computers to Analyze Data Using SPSS Downloading Data Matrices Summary Part II. Basic Statistical Concepts Chapter 3. Descriptive Statistics and the Normal Distributions Scales of Measurement Summation Notation Reporting Data Central Tendency Distribution Shapes Variability Standard Scores Normal-Curve Areas (z-table) Summary Chapter 4. Correlation and Prediction Correlation Coefficient Calculating r Interpreting r Prediction Multiple Correlation or Multiple Regression Summary Chapter 5. Inferential Statistics Hypothesis Testing Independent and Dependent Variables Overview of Hypotheses Testing and Inferential Statistics Effect Size Selected Statistical Tests Summary Part III. Reliability and Validity Theory Chapter 6. Reliability and Validity Reliability Validity Applied Reliability and Validity Measures Estimating Agreement Between Measures Using the Bland-Altman Method Summary Chapter 7. Criterion-Referenced Tests: Cut Scores, Reliability, and Validity Setting Criterion-Referenced Standards Development of Criterion-Referenced Testing Statistical Analysis of Criterion-Referenced Tests Criterion-Referenced Testing Examples Applying Criterion-Referenced Standards to Epidemiology Summary Part IV. Human Performance Applications Chapter 8. Evaluation: Theory and Practice Evaluations and Standards Evaluation in School Settings Process of Grading Determining Instructional Objectives Consistency in Grading Grading Mechanics Evaluation in Nonschool Settings Summary Chapter 9. Developing Written Tests and Surveys Planning the Test Constructing and Scoring the Test Administering the Test Analyzing the Test Item Analysis Sources of Written Tests Questionnaires and Surveys Summary Chapter 10. Assessment of Health-Related Physical Fitness A Brief History of Physical Fitness Testing Health-Related Physical Fitness Establishing the Risk for Fitness Testing and Exercise Measuring Aerobic Capacity Measuring Body Composition Measuring Muscular Strength and Endurance Measuring Flexibility Health-Related Fitness Test Batteries Fitness Test Batteries for Older Adults Fitness Test Batteries for Children and Youth Fitness Test Batteries for Special Populations Summary Chapter 11. Assessment of Performance-Related Fitness Measuring Agility Measuring Balance Measuring Coordination Measuring Power Measuring Reaction Time Measuring Speed Measuring Other Performance-Related Fitness Components Issues Related to Selection, Administration, and Use of Performance-Related Fitness Tests Summary Chapter 12. Assessment of Motor Abilities, Skills, and Performance Testing Motor Abilities Guidelines for Motor Ability, Skills, and Performance Tests Effective Testing Procedures Developing Motor Performance Tests Issues in Skills Testing Skills Test Classification Purposes of Motor Performance Analysis Sport Analytics Video Analysis Apps Employment-Related Performance Testing Summary Chapter 13. Assessment of Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure A Chronological View of Physical Activity and Health Assessment Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure Methods of Assessing Physical Activity Methods of Assessing Energy Expenditure Selecting a Method of Measurement Assessing Physical Activity in Children and Youth Determining Dose of Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure for Health Summary Chapter 14. Psychological Measurements in Sport and Exercise Sport Psychology: Performance Enhancement and Mental Health Exercise Psychology: Psychological Benefits of Physical Activity Trait Versus State Measures General Versus Sport-Specific Measures Quantitative Versus Qualitative Measurement Cautions When Using Psychological Tests New Technology for Assessment Practices Tests Used in Sport and Exercise Psychology Summary Chapter 15. Performance-Based Assessment: Alternative Ways to Assess Student Learning Impetus for Developing a New Type of Assessment Types of Performance-Based Assessment Establishing Criteria for Performance-Based Assessments Subjectivity: A Criticism of Performance-Based Assessments Selecting Appropriate Performance-Based Assessments Issues to Consider When Developing Performance-Based Assessments Improving Assessment Practices in Physical Education Settings Summary Appendix: Microsoft Excel Applications