PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Preface - William Julius Wilson African Americans, the Public Agenda, and the Paradoxes of Public Policy - Cedric Herring A Focus on the Controversies Surrounding Affirmative Action PART TWO: CHALLENGES TO LEADERSHIP AND REPRESENTATION IN THE AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY Cross-Cutting Black Issues Affecting the Changing Role of Government - Yvonne Scruggs Political Consolidation or American Apartheid? Some Political and Economic Consequences of Black Empowerment - Michael I J Bennett, Cedric Herring, and Douglas Gills Balanced Opportunity - Jesse L Jackson PART THREE: RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH Policy Context and the Relationship between Maternal Drug Abuse and Infant Mortality - Rae Banks and Assata Zerai The Psychosocial Dimension of Black Maternal Health - Katrina Bell McDonald An Intersection of Race, Gender, and Class PART FOUR: RACIAL INEQUALITY AND SOCIAL POLICY Race Up the Corporate Ladder - Sharon Collins The Dilemmas and Contradictions of First Wave Black Executives PART FIVE: CHANGES IN IDEOLOGY AND CULTURAL MYTHS Affirm Equality; Oppose Racist Scapegoating - Steven Rosenthal Myths and Realities of Affirmative Action Conservative Religious and Ideological Thought - Charles Jarmon Sources and Consequences for Public Policy for the Poor African American Families and Public Policy - Juan Battle and Michael Bennett The Legacy of the Moynihan Report PART SIX: RACE AND EDUCATIONAL SEGREGATION Race Relations and Campus Climate for Minority Students - Gail Thomas Implications for Higher Education Desegregation Afrocentric Schools - Kerry Rockquemore The Effects of Black Male Academics on Academic Achievement PART SEVEN: CRIME, UNEQUAL LAW ENFORCEMENT, AND PUNISHMENT Race, Representation, and the Drug Policy Agenda - Rae Banks Race, Gender, and the Timing of Justice - Verna Keith and Garry L Rolison Age at First Arrest and First Incarceration for African American Women Which Way Toward Equality? Dilemmas and Paradoxes in Public Policies Affecting Crime and Punishment - Darnell F Hawkins