Oliver Heaviside

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESSISBN: 9780801869099

The Life, Work, and Times of an Electrical Genius of the Victorian Age

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By Paul J. Nahin
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JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS
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Format:
PAPERBACK
Pages:
360

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Description


Contents:

Preface to the Johns Hopkins Edition

Preface to the Original Edition

A Note of Mathematics

A Note of References

A Note on Money

Acknowledgements 1 The Origins of Heaviside

( A Description of mid-19th century Victorian England.)

The Man

The Nature of His Work

The Grim World of Heaviside's Youth

Notes and References 2 The Early Years

(The young Heaviside, his family circumstances, and his education.)

The Beginning

A Lucky Marriage

First (and Last) Job

A Lifetime Decision

Tech Note: Where Is the Fault?

Notes and References 3 The First Theory of the Electric Telegraph

(Historical discussion of Professor William Thomson's 1854 diffusion theory, the starting point of Heaviside's work.)

Thomson and Stokes

The Law of Squares

The Atlantic Cable

The Speed of the Current

Phase Distortion

Tech Note: How Thomson Thought Electricity ""Soaks"" into an Infinitely Long Cable

Notes and References 4 Heaviside's Early Telegraphy Work

(An account of the introduction effects into cable analysis, and the nature of Heaviside's mode of working.)

A Full-Time Student

The Telegraph Papers

The Problem of Signal Rate Assymmetry

A ""Mathematical Monster""

Arithmatic Drudgery

Tech Note: Why a Cable Is Slower in One Direction than in the Other

Notes and References 5 The Scienticulist

(An introduction to William Henry Preece, Engineer-in-Chief of the British Post Offics and Heaviside's great nemesis.)

Heaviside's Nemesis

Subdividing the Electric Light

The Age of the ""Practical Man""

A Public Debate

Why Preece Prevailed (for a While)

A Clash of Personalities

Preece's Ability

The Telephone Affair

Heavisides Refuses to Be Shackled

Tech Note: Preece's Analysis of the Electric Light

Notes and References 6 Maxwell's Electricity

(The state of knowledge at Maxwell's death om 1879.)

Introduction

The Men before Maxwell

Action-at-a-Distance

The Luminiferous Ether

Faraday and Lines of Force

William Thomson

Maxwell

The Displacement Current

Post-script: Just What Is Electricity, Anyway?

Tech Note 1: A Technically Nice, Often Taught, but Historically False ""Explanantion"" of the Displacement Current

Tech Note 2: Action-at-a-Distance, Fields, and Faraday's Electronic State

Notes and References 7 Heaviside's Electrodynamics

(How Heaviside formulated the field equations and what he did with them.)

The Conversion of a Skeptic

The Electrician

The Importance of Mr. Biggs

Getting Off to a Bad Start

Reformulating Maxwell's Equations

A Friend in Germany

More Germans: Föppl, Boltzmann, and Planck

Energy and Its Flux

Moving Charges

A Friend at Cambridge

Faster-than-Light

Dr. Heaviside, F.R.S.

Tech Note 1: The Duplex Equations

Tech Note 2: The Localization of Electromagnetic Field Energy

Tech Note 3: Heaviside's Derivation of hte Electromagnetic Energy Flow Vector in Space

Tech Note 4: Poynting;s Physics (and Oliver's Objection)

Notes and References 8 The Battle With Preece

(The story of the "" KR-Law"" and Preece's efforts to suppress Heaviside's influence.)

High-Tech Hardware, Low-Tech Theory

Early Mathematical Analysis

The Peculiar Experiments of David Hughes

Preece's "" KR-Law"" and Heaviside's Attack

Oliver Lodge's Oscillating Leyden Jar

""Experience"" versus ""Theory""

Heaviside's Vindication

A Change of Scene–and Fame

Back in Print–in Style!

His Friends Try to Help

More Battles

Tech Note1: The Skin Effect

Tech Note 2: The "" KR-Law""

Tech Note 3: Preece and Lodge on Lightning

Tech Note 4: Heaviside and S. P. Thompson on the Distortionless Circuit

Notes and References 9 The Great Quarterionic War

(The development of vectors by Heaviside and by Gibbs, and the debate with Tait.)

More Debates

Peter Tait, the Warrior of Victorian Science

William Hamilton and Quarterions

Before 1890–The Calm Before the Storm

The Vector Analysis of Josiah Willard Gibbs

Tait Throws Down the Gauntlet

The Battle

The Aftermath

Off to War–Again

Tech Note 1: Numbers and Vecotrs–Real, Complex and Hypercomplex

Tech Note 2: Hamilton's Insight at the Brougham Bridge

Tech Note 3: Quarterions Are Complex!

Notes and References Strange Mathematics

(Operational calculus.)

""Rigorous Mathematics In Narrow, Physical Mathematics Bold and Broad""

The Operator Concept

Heaviside's Operators

The Expansion Theorem

The Royal Society Affair

The Aftermath of the Rejection

A New Friend at Cambridge

Tech Note 1: Heaviside's Resistance Operators

Tech Note 2: The Problem with the p and 1/ p Operators

Tech Note 3: The Meaning of Heaviside's Fractional Operator, and Impulses

Tech Note 4: Heaviside and Divergent Series

Notes and References 11 The Age-of-the-Earth Controversy

(The debate between Perry and Kelvin, and Heaviside's support of Perry via his operational methods.)

Historical Origin of the Debate

The Problem of Fossils

Kelvin's Theory

perry's Rebuttal of Kelvin's Theory

Perry's Theory of Discontinuous Diffusivity

Kelvin's Defense and Perry's Reply

The End of the Debate

An Assessment of the Debate

A Final Word

Tech Note 1: Heaviside's Operator Solution of Kelvin's Original One-Dimensional Problem

Tech Note 2: Heaviside's Operator Solution of Perry's Problem of Discontinuous Diffusivity

Notes and References 12 The Final Years of the Hermit

(The Personal life of Heaviside after 1900, when essentially all his scientific work was done.)

A ""Gentleman"" with a Pension

Life in the Country

Another Change at The Electrician

The Passing of the Century–and of a Friend and a Foe

The Catches up t Heaviside–and Leaves Him Behind

Oliver Puts His Name on the Atmosphere

Increasing Trouble with Life

Life at Homefield

Death Takes and Past–and the Present

The End of the Hermit

A Last Look

Notes and References 13 Epilogue

(An evaluation of Heaviside's impact since his death.)

The Legend Grows

Heaviside Profiled in TimeMagazine!

Formulas Under the Floor

Last Words

Notes and References

Index

Credits

""A good book by a careful, historically minded engineer... A lively, informative narrative of Heaviside's life and work. Nahin has exhaustively resurveyed archives and contemporary sources and is very much at home in historical discussions of Victorian physics.""

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