Models of identity and the ageing process; who are the aged?; how ageing is studied; ageing of appearances and mobility; cardiovascular and respiratory systems; physiological control systems I - digestive, excretory and endocrine systems; physiological control systems II - reproductive, autonomic and immune systems; dementia and related disorders; chronic diseases and health; sensory and perceptual processes; concluding observations - identity and the biopsychosocial perspective revisited.