The Quest for Moral Foundations

Preface 1. Anything Goes: RelativismReligion and EthicsCultural RelativismHistorical RelativismImplications of GroupsSubjective RelativisimTheoretical vs. Moral RelativismMoral Responsibility 2. Do What You Feel: EmotivismEmotivisim According to HumeLater Development of EmotivismSummary 3. Me First: Egoism and the Social ContractSocial Contract TheorySocial Contract Morality Since HobbsConclusions 4. All's Well That Ends Well: UtilitarianismPleasure, Pain, and MoralityUtilitarianism of J.S. MillRule UtilitarianismScientific ApproachFoundation for Moral JudgmentConclusions about Pleasure/Pain Theories 5. Duty Calls: Kant's FormalismKant's Reevaluation of ReasonDeterminism or FreedomPractical Reason 6. Do Good and Avoid Evil: Natural LawComparison with Other TheoriesMoral ResponsibilityRelationships among TraditionsSynthesis of CiceroFreedom and Natural Law 7. Retrospective and ReevaluationUtilitarian TheorySocial Construct TheoryEgoismEmotivismRelativismNatural Law and PluralismHistoricismConclusions 8. Ethics and Religion RevisitedEthics Derived from ReligionReligion as an Ethical ObligationMoral Importance of Religion 9. Epilogue: To Care or Not to Care Notes Index