David Emile Durkheim (1858 - 1917) was a French sociologist. He formally established the academic discipline and -- with W.E.B. Du Bois, Karl Marx, and Max Weber -- is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science. His books include The Division of Labour in Society (1893), The Rules of Sociological Method (1895), and The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (1912).

