Intelligence

Mark M. Lowenthal has over forty-four years of experience in U.S. intelligence. He has served as the Assistant Director of Central Intelligence for Analysis and Production, Vice Chairman for Evaluation on the National Intelligence Council, staff director of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, office director and as a Deputy Assistant Secretary of State in the State Departments Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR), and Senior Specialist in U.S. Foreign Policy at the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. He is now the President and CEO of the Intelligence & Security Academy, an education and consulting firm. Dr. Lowenthal received his BA from Brooklyn College and his PhD in history from Harvard University. He serves as an adjunct professor at the Johns Hopkins University; the National Intelligence University; Sciences Po (Paris); and the Norwegian Defence Intelligence School. He was an adjunct at Columbia University from 1993-2007.

 List of Figures, Tables, and Boxes Preface Acronyms Chapter 1: What Is "Intelligence"? Why Have Intelligence Agencies? What Is Intelligence About? Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 2: The Development of U.S. Intelligence Major Themes Major Historical Developments Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 3: The U.S. Intelligence Community Alternative Ways of Looking at the Intelligence Community The Many Different Intelligence Communities Intelligence Community Relationships That Matter The Intelligence Budget Process Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 4: The Intelligence Process-A Macro Look: Who Does What for Whom? Requirements Collection Processing and Exploitation Analysis and Production Dissemination and Consumption Feedback Thinking About the Intelligence Process Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 5: Collection and the Collection Disciplines Overarching Themes Strengths and Weaknesses Conclusion Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 6: Analysis Major Themes Analytical Issues Intelligence Analysis: An Assessment Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 7: Counterintelligence Internal Safeguards External Indicators and Counterespionage Problems in Counterintelligence Leaks Economic Espionage National Security Letters Conclusion Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 8: Covert Action The Decision-Making Process The Range of Covert Actions Issues in Covert Action Assessing Covert Action Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 9: The Role of the Policy Maker The U.S. National Security Policy Process Who Wants What? The Intelligence Process: Policy and Intelligence Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 10: Oversight and Accountability Executive Oversight Issues Congressional Oversight Issues in Congressional Oversight Internal Dynamics of Congressional Oversight The Courts Conclusion Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 11: The Intelligence Agenda: Nation-States The Primacy of the Soviet Issue The Emphasis on Soviet Military Capabilities The Emphasis on Statistical Intelligence The "Comfort" of a Bilateral Relationship Collapse of the Soviet Union Intelligence and the Soviet Problem The Current Nation-State Issue Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 12: The Intelligence Agenda: Transnational Issues U.S. National Security Policy and Intelligence After the Cold War Intelligence and the New Priorities Cyberspace Foreign Malign Influence Terrorism Proliferation Health Issues Climate Change Narcotics Economics and Energy Demographics Support to the Military Conclusion Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 13: Ethical and Moral Issues in Intelligence General Moral Questions Issues Related to Collection and Covert Action Analysis-Related Issues Oversight-Related Issues Whistle-Blowers The Media Conclusion Further Readings Chapter 14: Intelligence Reform The Purpose of Reform Issues in Intelligence Reform Conclusion Key Terms Further Readings Chapter 15: Foreign Intelligence Services Britain China France Israel Russia Other Services Other Services in Brief Conclusion Further Readings Appendix 1: Additional Bibliographic Citations and Websites Appendix 2: Major Intelligence Reviews or Proposals Index

Mark Lowenthal continues to refine an essential textbook for the next generation of intelligence students. Whether you aspire to work in government, serve on the staff of a national leader, or simply make the best possible decisions, you will benefit from this foundational understanding of intelligence. -- Michael David Miner * Review *

Lowenthals book is a standard bearer for how to introduce and inform students about the mission, structure, and complexities inherent in the intelligence field. The book does not have an equal in its real-world depth. -- Greta E. Creech * Review *

This is an impactful text for attracting some of the very best students to careers in intelligence. -- James Calder * Review *