Social Research Methods 2/e

H. Russell Bernard is Professor of Anthropology, Emeritus at the University of Florida. He served as editor of the American Anthropologist and Human Organization. He is co-founder (with Pertti Pelto and Stephen Borgatti) of the Cultural Anthropology Methods journal (1989), which became Field Methods in 1999. The five editions of his methods text Research Methods in Anthropology (AltaMira 2006) and his general research methods text Social Research Methods (Sage 2012), have been used by tens of thousands of students. Bernard co-founded (with Pelto) and co-directed (with Pelto and Borgatti) the National Science Foundation's Institute on Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology and has done fieldwork in Greece, Mexico, and the U.S.A. His publications include (with Jesus Salinas Pedraza) Native Ethnography: A Otomi Indian Describes His Culture (Sage, 1989). Bernard is known as well for his work, with Peter Killworth, Eugene Johnsen, Christopher McCarty, and Gene A. Shelley, on network analysis, including work on the network scale-up method for estimating hard-to-count populations. In 2010, Bernard was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.

Part I: Background to Research Chapter 1. About Social Science Chapter 2. The Foundations of Social Research Chapter 3. Preparing for Research Part II: Research Design Chapter 4. Research Design: Experiments and Experimental Thinking Chapter 5. Sampling: The Basics Chapter 6. Sampling Theory Chapter 7. Nonprobability Sampling Part III: Data Collection Chapter 8. Interviewing I: Unstructured and Semistructured Chapter 9. Interviewing II: Questionnaires Chapter 10. Interviewing III: Relational Data - Domains and Networks Chapter 11. Scales and Scaling Chapter 12: Participant Observation Chapter 13. Field Notes and Database Management Chapter 14: Direct and Indirect Observation Part IV Data Analysis Chapter 15: Introduction to Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis Chapter 16: Analyzing Cultural Domains and Proximity Matrices Chapter 17. Analyzing Qualitative Data I: Applying Logic to Text Chapter 18. Analyzing Qualitative Data II: Grammar Beyond the Sentence Chapter 19. Analyzing Qualitative Data III: Grounded Theory and Content Analysis Chapter 20. Univariate Analysis Chapter 21. Bivariate Analysis: Testing Relations Chapter 22. Multivariate Analysis Appendix A: Table of Areas under a Normal Curve Appendix B: Student's t Distribution Appendix C: Chi-Square Distribution Table Appendix D: F Table for the .05 Level of Significance Appendix E: Resources for Social Researchers

"The main strength of this text is coverage of both quantitative and qualitative methodology from a broad range of fields. The examples are often my students' favorite thing to discuss in class." -- Erica B. Gibson "Bernard does an excellent job of not only showing how to practice research, but also provides a detailed discussion of broader historical and philosophical contexts that are important for understanding research." -- Julian Kilker "The book includes a thorough presentation of quantitative and qualitative methods, including formulas and statistics for quantitative methods. Bernard is one of very few methods authors who includes and explains statistical methods, not just the methods used. Moreover, the book is very comprehensive and uses lots of examples to explain the material in depth." -- Monika Ardelt "The depth of detailed descriptions (foundations of social research; interviewing, participant observation, field notes, and data analysis) go beyond other texts that I'm aware of, and the organization is superb. The text contains strong descriptions of positivist versus humanistic traditions and splits in social research. It also includes great detail on how to successfully operationalize research variables. The discussion on theory as a "mechanism" and how to choose problems is easily understood and effective. Moreover, the author's emphasis on making personal interest a high priority in choosing a research topic is critical and primary." -- Benedict J. Colombi 'There is considerable detail on the history and philosophical foundations of social and behavioural research, ranging from the 'what' to the 'how-to' of social research. To make sure the message of each chapter is clearly communicated [Bernard] employs a wealth of examples and reading lists. He also provides the reader with a description of key concepts employed in each chapter.' -- Maryam Nazari & G.E. Gorman * Online Information Review *