Psychological Dynamics of Sport and Exercise

Diane L. Gill, PhD, is a professor in the department of kinesiology at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro (UNCG). She held faculty positions at the University of Waterloo and the University of Iowa before moving to UNCG. At UNCG, she has served as associate dean of the School of Health and Human Performance and head of the department of kinesiology; from 2010 to 2015 she was the Linda Arnold Carlisle Distinguished Excellence Professor of Women's and Gender Studies. She has more than 40 years of experience as a faculty member in kinesiology and specifically in sport and exercise psychology. Dr. Gill has been engaged in research and scholarly activity in sport and exercise psychology throughout her career. She has more than 100 scholarly publications on sport and exercise psychology topics and has given many presentations at major national and international conferences. She serves on several editorial boards and is the former editor in chief of Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. She is a fellow of several professional organizations, including the American Psychological Association (APA), the American College of Sports Medicine, and the National Academy of Kinesiology. She is a former president of the North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity (NASPSPA) and of Division 47 (Exercise and Sport Psychology) of the APA. In 2014, Dr. Gill received the NASPSPA Distinguished Scholar award; in 2015, she received the Distinguished Scientific and Research Contributions to Exercise and Sport Psychology award from APA Division 47. She received both her MS and PhD degrees from the University of Illinois and her undergraduate degree from the State University of New York at Cortland. Lavon Williams, PhD, is a professor of exercise and sport science at Guilford College, where she is currently the department chair. She previously held faculty positions at Western Illinois University, Northern Illinois University, and Purdue University. Involved in sport and exercise psychology research throughout her career, Dr. Williams has written more than 20 scholarly publications and has given more than 30 national and international presentations. She has served as the sport psychology academy chair of the National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) and as secretary of the SHAPE America Research Consortium. Dr. Williams is a past member of the executive board and the former research and practice division head for the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP). She is currently a member of the American Kinesiology Association's Publications Committee. Dr. Williams is an associate editor for Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal (WSPAJ). She has served on the editorial board for Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, The Sport Psychologist, and WSPAJ and as an associate editor for Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport (RQES) and the AASP Newsletter. She received her MS from the University of Oregon, her PhD from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, and her bachelor's degree from Texas Christian University. Erin J. Reifsteck, PhD, is an assistant professor in the department of kinesiology at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro (UNCG). In 2015 through 2016, Dr. Reifsteck served as principal investigatorr for two NCAA-funded studies to develop and evaluate the Moving On! program, which is based on a theoretical framework that integrates sport and exercise psychology principles. She received the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) Young Researcher Award in 2015 and was named an American Kinesiology Association Writing Scholar in 2014. Dr. Reifsteck's current research focuses on promoting lifetime physical activity and health through the translation of psychosocial theory into practice. Her scholarly interests also include gender issues in sport, and she currently serves on the editorial board for Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal (WSPAJ). She is a member of the North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity (NASPSPA) and AASP, where she also serves on the AASP research development committee. Dr. Reifsteck received her PhD and MS in kinesiology (sport and exercise psychology concentration) with a doctoral minor in educational research methodology from UNCG. She also received a graduate certificate in women's and gender studies from UNCG and a health coach certificate through UNCG's Department of Public Health Education. She earned her BS in psychology with a minor in neuroscience from Saint Francis University (Pennsylvania), where she played field hockey and was a two-time Academic All-American and Northeast Conference Scholar Athlete of the Year.

Part I. Overview of Sport and Exercise Psychology Chapter 1. Introduction to Sport and Exercise Psychology Kinesiology: A Multidisciplinary, Applied Field Sport and Exercise Psychology as a Subdiscipline Complexity of Sport and Exercise Behavior Putting It Into Practice Chapter 2. History of Sport and Exercise Psychology Early Roots: 1890 to 1920 Early Sport Psychology Labs: 1920 to 1940 Isolated Sport and Exercise Psychology Studies: 1940 to 1965 Emergence of Sport and Exercise Psychology as a Subdiscipline: 1965 to 1975 Development of the Subdiscipline: 1975 to 1999 Sport and Exercise Psychology Today: 2000 to Present Putting It Into Practice Chapter 3. Understanding and Using Sport and Exercise Psychology Paradigms and Sources of Knowledge Research Into Practice Using Sport and Exercise Psychology Putting It Into Practice Part II. The Person in Sport and Exercise Psychology Chapter 4. Personality Personality Defined Early Theories and Current Biological Perspectives Psychology Models of Personality Personality Measures Personality Research in Sport and Exercise Psychology Relevant Personality Characteristics and Sport-Specific Psychological Skills Putting It Into Practice Chapter 5. Attention and Cognitive Skills Attention Models and Perspectives Research on Attentional Processes Attention and Expertise Attentional Control Strategies Imagery Putting It Into Practice Chapter 6. Self-Perceptions Self-Perceptions Self-Schema and Identity Multidimensional Self-Perceptions Focusing on Physical Self-Concept Self-Confidence and Self-Efficacy Putting It Into Practice Part III. Motivation Chapter 7. Behavioral Approaches Goals and Goal Setting Behavioral Basics Implementing a Behavior Plan Behavioral Approaches in Professional Practice Self-Regulation and Habits Putting It Into Practice Chapter 8. Cognitive Approaches to Motivation Participation Motivation Sport and Exercise Commitment Sources of Sport Enjoyment Self-Determination Theory Putting It Into Practice Chapter 9. Achievement Motivation Attributions and Physical Activity Atkinson's Theory of Achievement Motivation Achievement Goal Theory Motivational Climate Putting It Into Practice Chapter 10. Integrated Approaches to Physical Activity Behavior Physical Activity for Health and Well-Being Theories and Models of Physical Activity Behavior Integrated Approaches to Physical Activity Promotion Physical Activity and Health Coaching Excessive Participation: Exercise Dependence Putting It Into Practice Part IV. Emotions, Stress, and Coping Chapter 11. Emotions and Performance Emotion Concepts and Definitions Positive and Negative Emotions-Accent on Positive Emotion Models Emotions and Performance Anxiety Performance Models and Research Multidimensional Anxiety Performance Models Anxiety Patterns and Performance Putting It Into Practice Chapter 12. Physical Activity, Emotion, and Mental Health Physical Activity and Emotion Physical Activity and Mental Health Physical Activity and Cognition Physical Activity and Quality of Life Putting It Into Practice Chapter 13. Stress and Stress Management Importance of Stress Management Stress Models in Sport and Exercise Psychology Stress Management Techniques Putting It Into Practice Part V. Social Processes Chapter 14. Social Influence Social Facilitation Social Reinforcement and Performance Social Cognitive Theory Models: The Self and Socializing Agents Social Support Sport and Exercise Psychology Research on Social Support Social Support and Physical Activity Social Support in Injury Risk and Response Putting It Into Practice Chapter 15. Aggression and Social Development Defining Aggression Theories of Aggression Aggression and Sport Moral Behavior in Sport and Physical Activity Positive Social Development Through Physical Activity Putting It Into Practice Chapter 16. Group Dynamics Group Dynamics Concepts and Models Group Performance Leadership in Sport and Physical Activity Cohesion in Sport and Exercise Groups Applying Group Dynamics Through Team Building Putting It Into Practice Chapter 17. Culture and Cultural Competence Culture: Basics and a Guiding Framework Cultural Context of Sport and Exercise Gender Scholarship in Sport and Exercise Psychology Social Perspectives and Gender Stereotypes Sexuality and Sexual Prejudice Race, Ethnicity, and Social Class Physicality and Weight Bias Intersections and Cultural Relationships Revisited Cultural Competence Putting It Into Practice