The Pandemic Divide

Gwendolyn L. Wright is Director of Strategic Initiatives and Collaborations at the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity at Duke University. Lucas Hubbard is Associate in Research at the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity at Duke University. William A. Darity Jr. is Samuel DuBois Cook Distinguished Professor of Public Policy and Director of the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity at Duke University.

A Note on Terminology ix Foreword / Mary T. Bassett xi Introduction. Six Feet and Miles Apart: Structural Racism in the United States and Racially Disparate Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic / Lucas Hubbard, Gwendolyn L. Wright, and William A. Darity Jr. 1 Section I: COVID-19 in Context 1. How Systemic Racism and Preexisting Conditions Contributed to COVID-19 Disparities for Black Americans / Keisha L. Bentley-Edwards, Melissa J. Scott, and Paul A. Robbins 29 2. Labor History and Pandemic Response: The Overlapping Experiences of Work, Housing, and Neighborhood Conditions / Joe William Trotter Jr. 46 Section II: COVID-19 and Institutions 3. "God Is in Control": Race, Religion, Family, and Community during the COVID-19 Pandemic / Sandra L. Barnes 69 4. COVID-19, Race, and Mass Incarceration / Arvind Krishnamurthy 87 Section III: COVID-19 and Financial Disparities 5. Housing, Student Debt, and Labor Market Inequality: COVID-19, Black Families/Households, and Financial Insecurity / Fenaba R. Addo and Adam Hollowell 111 6. Race, Entrepreneurship, and COVID-19: Black Small-Business Survival in Prepandemic and Postpandemic America / Henry Clay McKoy Jr. 129 7. COVID-19 Effects on Black Business-Owner Households / Chris Wheat, Fiona Greig,and Damon Jones 186 8. Closing Racial Economic Gaps during and after COVID-19 / Jane Dokko and Jung Sakong 210 Section IV: COVID-19 and Educational Disparities 9. Latinx Immigrant Parents and Their Children in Times of COVID-19: Facing Inequities Together in the "Mexican Room" of the New Latino South / Marta SAnchez, Melania DiPietro, Leslie Babinski, Steve Amendum, and Steven Knotek 231 10. COVID-19, Higher Education, and Social Inequality / Adam Hollowell and N. Joyce Payne 256 11. The Rebirth of K-12 Public Education: Postpandemic Opportunities / Kristen R. Stephens, Kisha N. Daniels, and Erica R. Phillips 276 Postscript: COVID-19 and the Path Forward / Eugene T. Richardson 295 Contributors 301 Index 307

"Required, essential reading for Americans trying to reconcile their pandemic experiences." (starred review) - Tina Panik (Library Journal) "The Pandemic Divide should appeal to anyone with an interest in social and cultural politics, and moreover policy. In a world that is continually racialised and then derided for being so, this book is an urgent reminder of how deep rooted systems operate in sinister ways to continually exploit, undermine, and undervalue whole swathes of the population." - Georgia Bisbas (Lancet Infections Diseases) "Disturbing but proactive...." - Andrew Robinson (Nature) "Wright, Hubbard, and Darity offer compelling sociological, economic, and epidemiological data to show that that structural racism has undeniable consequences on the health and mortality of racial and ethnic minorities. The Pandemic Divide is a useful text for students, educators, and researchers to understand why the COVID-19 pandemic impacted certain populations more than others." - Gwenetta Curry (Ethnic and Racial Studies) "This anthology of 11 short essays, bracketed by an excellent introduction and a punchy conclusion, is based on a wealth of scholarship and statistics that use the COVID-19 pandemic as a lens to expose the enormous racial disparities in American society-disparities that were simply magnified by the challenges and tragedies of the crisis. . . . For social historians of medicine, the collection provides numerous secondary sources to inform discussion of the many facets of healthcare injustice." - Jacalyn M. Duffin (Social History of Medicine) "The Pandemic Divide offers a comprehensive exploration of the societal and economic impacts of COVID-19 in the United States, particularly highlighting the exacerbation of inequalities. Covering a broad spectrum of issues, including healthcare, employment, education and housing, the book provides a detailed overview of the pandemic's wide-ranging and intricate effects. . . [T]he insights it offers into the complex dynamics of inequality amid a global health crisis are profoundly valuable, affirming the book's significance within academic and policy-making circles." - Farid Mohammadi (Sociology of Health & Illness)