Richard B. Hays, George Washington Ivey Professor of New Testament at Duke Divinity School, is internationally recognized for his work on the letters of Paul and on New Testament ethics. His scholarship has bridged the disciplines of biblical criticism and literary studies, exploring the innovative ways in which early Christian writers interpreted Israel's Scripture. His works include Echoes of Scripture in the Letters of Paul (Yale University Press, 1989), The Conversion of the Imagination: Paul as Interpreter of Israel's Scripture (Eerdmans, 2005), and Reading Backwards: Figural Christology and the Fourfold Gospel Witness (Baylor University Press, 2014).

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Preface Introduction: Figural Interpretation of Israel's Scripture The Evangelists as Readers of Israel's Scripture Part 1. The Gospel of Mark: Herald of Mystery 1. ""Take heed what you hear"": Mark as Interpreter of Scripture 2. Apocalyptic Judgment and Expectancy: Israel's Story in Mark's Narrative 3. Jesus as the Crucified Messiah 4. Watchful Endurance: The Church's Suffering in Mark's Narrative 5. ""Hidden in order to be revealed"": Mark's Scriptural Hermeneutics Part 2. The Gospel of Matthew: Torah Transfigured 6. The Law and the Prophets Fulfilled: Matthew as Interpreter of Scripture 7. The End of Exile: Israel's Story in Matthew's Narrative 8. Jesus as Emmanuel 9. Making Disciples of All Nations: The Church's Mission in Matthew's Narrative 10. The Transfiguration of Torah: Matthew's Scriptural Hermeneutics Part 3. The Gospel of Luke: The Liberation of Israel 11. Continuing the Scriptural Story: Luke as Interpreter of Scripture 12. The Promise of Israel's Liberation: Israel's Story in Luke's Narrative 13. Jesus as the Redeemer of Israel 14. Light to the Nations: The Church's Witness in Luke's Narrative 15. Opened Eyes and Minds: Luke's Scriptural Hermeneutics Part 4. The Gospel of John: The Temple of His Body 16. ""Come and see"": John as Interpreter of Scripture 17. ""Salvation is from the Jews"": Israel's Story in John's Narrative 18. Jesus as the Temple 19. The Vine and the Branches: The Church's Oneness in John's Narrative 20. The Figural Web: John's Scriptural Hermeneutics Conclusion: Did Not Our Hearts Burn within Us? Notes Bibliography Index of Scripture and Ancient Sources Index of Names
A precious book that presents a learned proposal for the figural interpretation of the Synoptics and John. -- Boris Paschke -- Evangelical Review of Theology This is a book to be savored, not rushed through like fast food. At one point, Hays describes the benefit of reading John's narrative "attentively." This book demonstrates Hays's attentive reading of the evangelists interpreting and using Scripture... Hays's work will be useful for those studying one or more of the Gospels and for those researching the use of the Scriptures of Israel in the NT. Failure to engage with Hays would be a mistake. -- Kenneth D. Litwak -- Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society What cannot be overstated about Hays' book is the fresh way in which his methodology elucidates nuanced meaning in the Gospels as echoes of the larger story of Israel while also offering plain interpretation of standard passages. Hays' work in figural echoing is innovative, whisking a Gospel reader into other parts of scripture against standard hermeneutical practice such as grammatical-historic approaches. -- Thomas J. Savage -- European Journal of Theology Everyone should read Echoes of Scripture in the Gospels; it is a masterpiece in figural interpretation. -- Dean Deppe -- Calvin Theological Journal
