The Academic Achievement Challenge

Contents 1. Academic Achievement: An American Dilemma 2. Traditional, Teacher-Centered Education versus Progressive, Student-Centered Education 3. Twentieth-Century Trends in Educational Policy: The Shift toward Student-Centered Programs 4. Trends in Specific Areas of the Curriculum: Reading, Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies, 1900 to the 1990s 5. Research on the Overall Effects of Teacher- and Student-Centered Educational Programs 6. Descriptive Studies of Early Educational Experiments 7. Student-Centered Education: From Theory to Practice 8. Socioeconomic and Learning Difference Effects 9. Parents, the Media, and other Nonschool Educators 10. Where Do We Go from Here? Conclusions and Recommendations Appendix: Key Differences between Teacher-Centered and Student-Centered Instruction