Edward Jenner (1749 - 1823) was an English physician who observed that dairymaids who had had cowpox did not get small pox. He then vaccinated James Phipps, a boy of eight, with matter from cowpox. After several weeks, it became apparent that, because the boy had been inoculated, he did not contract smallpox. Jenner then published his results in Inquiry into the Cause and Effects of the Variolae Vaccinae (1798), thus proving the worth of vaccination.
