IllustrationsAcknowledmentsAbbreviations and Acronyms 1. Introduction: Federal Performance Measurement 2. Setting the Stage: Third Parties, Fiscal Federalsim, and Accountability 3. Performance Measurement as Political and Administrative Reform 4. Performance as Grants to Third-Party Service Providers: The Health Resources and Services Administration 5.Performance as the Provision of Health Financial Security: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid 6. Performance as Grants to Third Party Research Providers: The National Institutes of Health 7. Measuring the Health Performance of Sovereign Tribes as Third Parties: The Indian Health Service 8. Performance as Regulation: The Food and Drug Administration 9. Measuring Performance and Results in Theory and Practice 10. After the Government Performance and Results Act: Performance Measurement, Performance Budgeting, and Performance Management APPENDIXES A: Discussion Guide B: Science Advance from the National Institute of Mental Health FY2000 C: Science Capsule from the National Instistute of Mental Health FY2000 D: Stories of Discovery from the National Institute of Mental Health FY2001 E: The Conduct of Research References Index