The Acquisition of Egyptian Arabic as a Native Language

Foreword Preface AcknowledgementsList of Symbols 1. INTRODUCTION Scope of the Study Goals of the StudyNeed for the StudyDuration and Location of the Study DurationLocationMethodology Followed Recordings and Transcriptions Types of Speech Observed Children in the Study Families in the Village and in the Study Approach Used with Village Residents Assistance Received in Conducting the StudyStructural Sketch of the Language The Root and Pattern SystemPhonologyMorphologySyntax 2. BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PHYSICAL AND FAMILY ENVIRONMENT The Physical Environment The Village SurroundingsFamily HomesThe Government Cooperative UnitPhysical Characteristics of the Children in the StudyThe Social Structure The Extended FamilyRoles of Family MembersTraining of ChildrenChildren's Daily Routines, Work and GamesFormal EducationEffects of the Social Structure on ChildrenSpecial Uses of Language 3. THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHONOLOGY The Phonological System in Adult Language ConsonantsVowelsFunctional Load of PhonemesSyllable TypesThe Babbling Stage Theoretical ConsiderationsData Obtained in This StudyEarly ImitationClassification of DataStages of Acquisition of the Phonological System Theoretical ConsiderationsStage IStage IITwo Intermediate Case StudiesStage IIIOrder of Acquisition of Phonemes Individual PhonemesPhoneme CombinationsSummaryComparison with Phonemic Development in Other LanguagesImitation Theoretical ConsiderationsData Obtained in This StudyThe Imitation TestsFinal Observations 4. EARLY COMMUNICATION AND INITIAL VOCABULARY Comprehension Theoretical ConsiderationsThe Comprehension TestConclusionsEffects of Other Factors on PerformanceEarly Speech and Vocabulary Theoretical ConsiderationsData Obtained in This StudyBaby Talk Theoretical ConsiderationsData Obtained in This StudyLinguistic FeaturesSocial ContextBelief System 5. THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYNTAX Early Stages of Syntactic Development Theoretical ConsiderationsThe One-Word StageThe Multi-Word StagesThe Acquisition of the Negative Rules for Negation in Adult LanguageThe Negation TestChild Syntactical Rules and Stages for NegationThe Acquisition of the Interrogative Rules for Interrogation in Adult LanguageThe Interrogation TestChild Syntactical Rules and Stages for InterrogationSummary 6. THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORPHOLOGY Early Stages of Morphological Development Theoretical ConsiderationsSome Characteristics of Early Morphological DevelopmentThe Acquisition of Inflectional Affixes for Noun Plurals Rules for Pluralizing Nouns in Adult LanguageThe Noun Plural TestChild Rules and Stages for Noun PluralizationsThe Acquisition of the Inflectional Affixes and Agreement for Adjectives Rules for Adjective Inflection and Agreement in Adult LanguageThe Adjective TestChild Rules and Stages for Adjective Inflection and AgreementSummary 7. CONCLUSION Review of Findings in This StudyImplications for Theories Regarding Language and Primary Language AcquisitionSuggestions for Further ResearchBibliography