Part I: Introduction and Theory1. An Agenda for the Comparative Study of Intelligence: Yet Another Missing Dimension Philip H. J. Davies and Kristian C. Gustafson2. Political Culture: Approaches and Prospects Stephen Welch Part II: Intelligence Culture outside the Anglosphere3. Subversive Information: The Historical Thrust of Chinese Intelligence Ralph D. Sawyer4. The Original Surveillance State: Kautilya's Arthashastra and Government by Espionage in Classical India Philip H. J. Davies5. Protecting the New Rome: Byzantine Influences on Russian IntelligenceKristian C. Gustafson6. Origins of an Arab and Islamic Intelligence Culture Aziz Al-Asmari Part III: Current Practice and Theory7. Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Rob Johnson8. Iranian Intelligence Organizations Carl Anthony Wege9. Intelligence and Security-Sector Reform in Indonesia Peter Gill and Lee Wilson10. A Reconstruction of Japanese Intelligence: Issues and Prospects Ken Kotani11. The Processes and Mechanisms of Developing a Democratic Intelligence Culture in Ghana Emmanluel Kwesi Aning, Emma Birikorang, and Ernest Ansah Lartey 12. Intelligence Community Reforms: The Case of Argentina Eduardo E. Estevez13. Sweden: Intelligence the Middle Way Wilhelm Agrell14. Intelligence Culture, Economic Espionage, and the Finnish Security Intelligence Service Lauri Holmstrom Part IV: Conclusion15. Legacies, Identities, Improvisation, and Innovations of Intelligence Philip H. J. Davies and Kristian C. Gustafson Contributors Index