State of the Nation' s Ecosystems Project Participants
Acknowledgments
Support for The State of the Nation' s Ecosystems 2008
Chapter 1. The State of the Nation' s Ecosystems 2008: Information Matters
-The Indicators at a Glance
Chapter 2. The Nation' s Ecosystems: Core Indicators
-Ecosystems at a Glance: Summary Table
-Ecosystem Extent
-Pattern of Naturala Landscapes
-The Movement of Nitrogen
-Carbon Storage
-Chemical Contamination
-Change in Stream Flows
-At-Risk Native Species
-Established Non-native Species
-Native Species Composition
-Plant Growth Index
-Production of Food and Fiber and Water Withdrawals
-Outdoor Recreation
-Natural Ecosystem Services
Chapter 3. Coasts and Oceans
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Coastal Living Habitats
-Shoreline Types
-Pattern in Coastal Areas
-Areas with Depleted Oxygen
-Contamination in Bottom Sediments
-Coastal Erosion
-Sea Surface Temperature
-At-Risk Native Marine Species
-Established Non-native Species in Major Estuaries
-Unusual Marine Mortalities
-Harmful Algal Events
-Condition of Bottom-Dwelling Animals
-Chlorophyll Concentrations
-Commercial Fish and Shellfish Landings
-Status of Commercially Important Fish Stocks
-Selected Contaminants in Fish and Shellfish
-Recreational Water Quality
Chapter 4. Farmlands
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Total Cropland
-The Farmland Landscape
-Proximity of Cropland to Residences
-Patches of Naturala Land in the Farmland Landscape
-Nitrate in Farmland Streams and Groundwater
-Phosphorus in Farmland Streams
-Soil Organic Matter
-Pesticides in Farmland Streams and Groundwater
-Potential Soil Erosion
-Soil Salinity
-Stream Habitat Quality
-Status of Animal Species in Farmland Areas
-Established Non-native Plant Cover in the Farmland Landscape
-Soil Biological Condition
-Major Crop Yields
-Agricultural Inputs and Outputs
-Monetary Value of Agricultural Production
-Recreation in Farmland Areas
Chapter 5. Forests
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Forest Area and Ownership
-Forest Types
-Forest Management Categories
-Pattern of Forest Landscapes
-Nitrate in Forest Streams
-Carbon Storage
-At-Risk Native Forest Species
-Established Non-native Plant Cover in Forests
-Forest Age
-Forest Disturbance: Fire, Insects, and Disease
-Fire Frequency
-Forest Community Types with Significantly Reduced Area
-Timber Harvest
-Timber Growth and Harvest
-Recreation in Forests
Chapter 6. Fresh Waters
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Extent of Freshwater Ecosystems
-Altered Freshwater Ecosystems
-In-Stream Connectivity
-Phosphorus in Lakes, Reservoirs, and Large Rivers
-Freshwater Acidity
-Water Clarity
-Stream Habitat Quality
-At-Risk Native Freshwater Species
-Established Non-native Freshwater Species
-Animal Deaths and Deformities
-Status of Freshwater Animal Communities: Fish and Bottom-Dwelling Animals
-At-Risk Freshwater Plant Communities
-Water Withdrawals
-Groundwater Levels
-Waterborne Human Disease Outbreaks
-Freshwater Recreational Activities
Chapter 7. Grasslands and Shrublands
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Area of Grasslands and Shrublands
-Land Use in Grasslands and Shrublands
-Pattern of Grassland and Shrubland Landscapes
-Nitrate in Grassland and Shrubland Groundwater
-Carbon Storage
-Number and Duration of Dry Periods in Grassland and Shrubland Streams and Rivers
-Depth to Shallow Groundwater
-At-Risk Native Grassland and Shrubland Species
-Established Non-native Grassland and Shrubland Plant Cover
-Population Trends in Invasive and Non-invasive Birds
-Fire Frequency
-Riparian Condition
-Cattle Grazing
-Recreation on Grasslands and Shrublands
Chapter 8. Urban and Suburban Landscapes
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Area and Composition of the Urban and Suburban Landscape
-Total Impervious Area
-Stream Bank Vegetation
-Housing Density Changes in Low-Density Suburban and Rural Areas
- Naturala Lands in the Urban and Suburban Landscape
-Nitrate in Urban and Suburban Streams
-Phosphorus in Urban and Suburban Streams
-Urban and Suburban Air Quality
-Chemical Contamination
-Urban Heat Island
-Species Status
-Disruptive Species
-Status of Animal Communities in Urban and Suburban Streams
-Publicly Accessible Open Space per Resident
-Natural Ecosystem Services
Appendixes and Technical Notes
Appendix A: State of the Nation' s Ecosystems Project: History and Design Process
Appendix B: Indicator Development Since 2002 and Future Research Needs
Appendix C: Changes in Data Availability Since 2002 and Remaining Data Gaps
Appendix D: Maps of Regions Used throughout the Report
Technical Notes (Including Major Monitoring Program Descriptions)
Index
Acknowledgments
Support for The State of the Nation' s Ecosystems 2008
Chapter 1. The State of the Nation' s Ecosystems 2008: Information Matters
-The Indicators at a Glance
Chapter 2. The Nation' s Ecosystems: Core Indicators
-Ecosystems at a Glance: Summary Table
-Ecosystem Extent
-Pattern of Naturala Landscapes
-The Movement of Nitrogen
-Carbon Storage
-Chemical Contamination
-Change in Stream Flows
-At-Risk Native Species
-Established Non-native Species
-Native Species Composition
-Plant Growth Index
-Production of Food and Fiber and Water Withdrawals
-Outdoor Recreation
-Natural Ecosystem Services
Chapter 3. Coasts and Oceans
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Coastal Living Habitats
-Shoreline Types
-Pattern in Coastal Areas
-Areas with Depleted Oxygen
-Contamination in Bottom Sediments
-Coastal Erosion
-Sea Surface Temperature
-At-Risk Native Marine Species
-Established Non-native Species in Major Estuaries
-Unusual Marine Mortalities
-Harmful Algal Events
-Condition of Bottom-Dwelling Animals
-Chlorophyll Concentrations
-Commercial Fish and Shellfish Landings
-Status of Commercially Important Fish Stocks
-Selected Contaminants in Fish and Shellfish
-Recreational Water Quality
Chapter 4. Farmlands
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Total Cropland
-The Farmland Landscape
-Proximity of Cropland to Residences
-Patches of Naturala Land in the Farmland Landscape
-Nitrate in Farmland Streams and Groundwater
-Phosphorus in Farmland Streams
-Soil Organic Matter
-Pesticides in Farmland Streams and Groundwater
-Potential Soil Erosion
-Soil Salinity
-Stream Habitat Quality
-Status of Animal Species in Farmland Areas
-Established Non-native Plant Cover in the Farmland Landscape
-Soil Biological Condition
-Major Crop Yields
-Agricultural Inputs and Outputs
-Monetary Value of Agricultural Production
-Recreation in Farmland Areas
Chapter 5. Forests
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Forest Area and Ownership
-Forest Types
-Forest Management Categories
-Pattern of Forest Landscapes
-Nitrate in Forest Streams
-Carbon Storage
-At-Risk Native Forest Species
-Established Non-native Plant Cover in Forests
-Forest Age
-Forest Disturbance: Fire, Insects, and Disease
-Fire Frequency
-Forest Community Types with Significantly Reduced Area
-Timber Harvest
-Timber Growth and Harvest
-Recreation in Forests
Chapter 6. Fresh Waters
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Extent of Freshwater Ecosystems
-Altered Freshwater Ecosystems
-In-Stream Connectivity
-Phosphorus in Lakes, Reservoirs, and Large Rivers
-Freshwater Acidity
-Water Clarity
-Stream Habitat Quality
-At-Risk Native Freshwater Species
-Established Non-native Freshwater Species
-Animal Deaths and Deformities
-Status of Freshwater Animal Communities: Fish and Bottom-Dwelling Animals
-At-Risk Freshwater Plant Communities
-Water Withdrawals
-Groundwater Levels
-Waterborne Human Disease Outbreaks
-Freshwater Recreational Activities
Chapter 7. Grasslands and Shrublands
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Area of Grasslands and Shrublands
-Land Use in Grasslands and Shrublands
-Pattern of Grassland and Shrubland Landscapes
-Nitrate in Grassland and Shrubland Groundwater
-Carbon Storage
-Number and Duration of Dry Periods in Grassland and Shrubland Streams and Rivers
-Depth to Shallow Groundwater
-At-Risk Native Grassland and Shrubland Species
-Established Non-native Grassland and Shrubland Plant Cover
-Population Trends in Invasive and Non-invasive Birds
-Fire Frequency
-Riparian Condition
-Cattle Grazing
-Recreation on Grasslands and Shrublands
Chapter 8. Urban and Suburban Landscapes
-Ecosystem at a Glance: Summary Table
-Area and Composition of the Urban and Suburban Landscape
-Total Impervious Area
-Stream Bank Vegetation
-Housing Density Changes in Low-Density Suburban and Rural Areas
- Naturala Lands in the Urban and Suburban Landscape
-Nitrate in Urban and Suburban Streams
-Phosphorus in Urban and Suburban Streams
-Urban and Suburban Air Quality
-Chemical Contamination
-Urban Heat Island
-Species Status
-Disruptive Species
-Status of Animal Communities in Urban and Suburban Streams
-Publicly Accessible Open Space per Resident
-Natural Ecosystem Services
Appendixes and Technical Notes
Appendix A: State of the Nation' s Ecosystems Project: History and Design Process
Appendix B: Indicator Development Since 2002 and Future Research Needs
Appendix C: Changes in Data Availability Since 2002 and Remaining Data Gaps
Appendix D: Maps of Regions Used throughout the Report
Technical Notes (Including Major Monitoring Program Descriptions)
Index