1. Technique 1.1 Techniques available 2. Anatomy 2.1 Frontal CXR 2.2 Lateral CXR 2.3 Normal variants 3. In-built errors of interpretation 3.1 The eye-brain apparatus 3.2 The snapshot 3.3 Image misinterpretation 3.4 Satisfaction of search 3.5 Ignoring the ribs 4. The fundamentals of CXR interpretation 4.1 The silhouette sign 4.2 Suggested scheme for CXR viewing 4.3 Review areas 4.4 Pitfalls 5. Pattern recognition 5.1 Collapses 5.2 Ground glass opacity 5.3 Consolidation 5.4 Masses 5.5 Nodules 5.6 Lines 5.7 Cavities 6. Abnormalities of the thoracic cage and chest wall 6.1 Pectus excavatum 6.2 Scoliosis 6.3 Kyphosis 6.4 Bone lesions 6.5 Chest wall / thoracic inlet 6.6 Thoracoplasty 7. Lung tumours 7.1 CXR features of malignant tumours 7.2 CXR features of benign tumours 7.3 Metastases 7.4 Bronchial carcinoma 7.5 The solitary pulmonary nodule 8. Pneumonias 8.1 Pulmonary tuberculosis 8.2 Pneumococcal pneumonia 8.3 Staphylococcal pneumonia 8.4 Klebsiella pneumonia 8.5 Eosinophilic pneumonia 8.6 Opportunistic infections 9. Chronic airways disease 9.1 Asthma 9.2 Chronic bronchitis 9.3 Emphysema 9.4 Bronchiectasis 10. Diffuse lung disease 10.1 Interstitial disease - the reticular pattern 10.2 LAM 10.3 Langerhan's cell histiocytosis 10.4 Pulmonary sarcoid 10.5 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis 11. Pleural disease 11.1 Effusion 11.2 Pneumothorax 11.3 Pleural thickening 11.4 Pleural malignancy 11.5 Benign pleural tumours 12. Left heart failure 13. The heart and great vessels 13.1 Valve replacements 13.2 Cardiac enlargement 13.3 Ventricular aneurysm 13.4 Pericardial disease 13.5 Coarctation of the aorta 13.6 Aortic aneurysm 13.7 Atrial septal defect 13.8 Pacemakers 14. Pulmonary embolic disease 15. The mediastinum 15.1 The 'hidden' areas of the mediastinum 15.2 The hila 15.3 Stents 16. The ITU chest X-ray 16.1 Adult respiratory distress syndrome 16.2 The CXR following thoracic surgery 17. The story films Further reading Index