Women's Health Made Easy

Preface; About the authors; Abbreviations Chapter 1 Female anatomy and physiology 1.1 Female anatomy 1.2 Hormones 1.3 Folliculogenesis 1.4 The menstrual cycle 1.5 Puberty 1.6 Menopause 1.7 Further reading Chapter 2 Menstrual disorders 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Normal menstruation 2.3 Heavy menstrual bleeding and other menstrual disorders 2.4 Non-menstrual bleeding 2.5 How to delay a period 2.6 Amenorrhoea 2.7 Endometriosis and adenomyosis 2.8 Fibroids 2.9 Polycystic ovary syndrome 2.10 Conclusion 2.11 Further reading Chapter 3 Contraception 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The contraceptive consultation 3.3 Progestogen choice in contraception 3.4 Combined hormonal contraception 3.5 Progestogen-only pills 3.6 Injectable contraception 3.7 Contraceptive implant 3.8 Intrauterine contraception 3.9 Barrier methods 3.10 Fertility awareness 3.11 Male and female sterilisation 3.12 Emergency contraception 3.13 Further reading Chapter 4 Sexual health 4.1 Introduction 4.2 How to talk about sex with patients 4.3 Supporting sexual wellbeing in our patients 4.4 What is sexual health? 4.5 Barriers to care and intersectionality 4.6 Providing trauma-informed care 4.7 Vaginal discharge 4.8 Vulvovaginal candidiasis 4.9 Bacterial vaginosis 4.10 Sexually transmitted infections 4.11 Chlamydia 4.12 Gonorrhoea 4.13 Syphilis 4.14 Herpes simplex virus 4.15 Anogenital warts 4.16 Human immunodeficiency virus 4.17 Trichomoniasis 4.18 Urogenital commensals 4.19 Further reading Chapter 5 Pregnancy and fertility 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Antenatal checks 5.3 Birth to six weeks postnatal appointment 5.4 Postnatal check 5.5 Miscarriage 5.6 Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy 5.7 Hypertension in pregnancy and postnatal hypertension 5.8 Gestational diabetes 5.9 Anaemia in pregnancy 5.10 Perinatal mental health 5.11 Abortion care 5.12 Impact on sexual function 5.13 How to take a fertility history 5.14 Infertility 5.15 Conclusion 5.16 Further reading Chapter 6 Menopause 6.1 Menopause definitions 6.2 Symptoms of perimenopause and menopause 6.3 Diagnosis of perimenopause and menopause 6.4 Patient assessment 6.5 Future health discussion 6.6 Management options 6.7 Genitourinary syndrome of the menopause 6.8 Premature ovarian insufficiency 6.9 Induced menopause 6.10 Surgical menopause 6.11 Menopause after cancer 6.12 Resources 6.13 Further reading Chapter 7 Hormone replacement therapy 7.1 HRT summary 7.2 Types of oestrogen and progestogen used in HRT 7.3 Bioidentical HRT 7.4 Systemic HRT 7.5 Hormonal contraception and perimenopause 7.6 Tibolone 7.7 Initiating HRT 7.8 Injectable weight-loss drugs, contraception and HRT 7.9 HRT products and doses 7.10 Testing oestrogen levels 7.11 Contraindications to HRT 7.12 Managing patients taking HRT 7.13 Stopping HRT 7.14 Side-effects of HRT 7.15 Unscheduled bleeding on HRT 7.16 Benefits and risks of taking HRT 7.17 Prescribing HRT in certain groups 7.18 Sexual desire and testosterone 7.19 Referral to a menopause specialist 7.20 Resources for clinicians 7.21 Further reading Chapter 8 Female mental health 8.1 Introduction to the premenstrual disorders 8.2 Perinatal mental health 8.3 Hormonal contraception and mood disorders 8.4 Neurodiversity in women and girls 8.4.1 What is neurodiversity and who is affected? 8.5 Eating disorders and body dysmorphic disorder 8.6 Further reading Chapter 9 Genitourinary issues 9.1 Pelvic organ prolapse 9.2 Urinary incontinence 9.3 Faecal incontinence 9.4 Recurrent UTI 9.5 Bladder pain syndrome / interstitial cystitis 9.6 Sexual pain / penetration disorders 9.7 Persistent genital arousal disorder 9.8 Further reading Chapter 10 Vulval dermatology 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Prepubertal girls 10.3 Girls and women of reproductive age 10.4 Postmenopausal women 10.5 Practical tips to help manage vulval dermatoses 10.6 General care of vulval tissue and self-examination 10.7 Red flags and when to refer 10.8 Further reading Chapter 11 Female cancer and screening 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Breast cancer and the NHS breast screening programme 11.3 Endometrial cancer 11.4 Cervical cancer and the NHS cervical cancer screening programme 11.5 Ovarian cancer 11.6 Vulval cancer 11.7 Vaginal cancer 11.8 Support after cancer 11.9 Conclusion 11.10 Further reading Chapter 12 The breast 12.1 The breast 12.2 Breast symptoms 12.3 Benign breast conditions 12.4 Breast cancer 12.5 Breast pain 12.6 Nipple discharge 12.7 Nipple changes 12.8 Breastfeeding 12.9 Breast imaging 12.10 Further reading Chapter 13 Legal and safeguarding 13.1 Consent 13.2 Understanding our safeguarding responsibilities 13.3 Sexual assault 13.4 Domestic violence 13.5 Further reading Index